ci(release): 移除镜像仓库名中的 -vpc 后缀
镜像路径恢复为 d8d-user-release(仅 registry 使用 VPC 地址)
🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code)
via [Happy](https://happy.engineering)
Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-Authored-By: Happy <yesreply@happy.engineering>